Which theory proposed by Reid explains the cause of earthquakes through tension buildup in moving crusts?

The theory proposed by Reid that explains earthquakes as a result of tension buildup in moving crusts is the Elastic Rebound Theory. This theory posits that as tectonic plates move, they can become locked due to friction, causing stress to accumulate in the rocks. When the stress exceeds the strength of the rocks, a sudden release occurs, resulting in an earthquake. The term "elastic rebound" refers to the way the deformed rock snaps back to its original shape after the release of stress, which essentially leads to the seismic waves that we feel during an earthquake.

This concept is fundamental in understanding how and why earthquakes occur, particularly in areas where tectonic plates interact. The integrity and behavior of the Earth's crust under stress play a pivotal role in the cycle of rock deformation and failure, which is critical for geologists to assess earthquake risk in various regions. The other options provided refer to different geological concepts or theories that do not specifically address the mechanics of stress accumulation and release as effectively as the Elastic Rebound Theory.